Learning Objectives:

Learning objectives: Describe the core diagnostic criteria and common biomarkers used to identify Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS). Analyze the relationship between MCAS and comorbid conditions such as POTS and hEDS. Explain the challenges and limitations associated with diagnosing MCAS, including variability in symptom presentation and testing reliability.

Keywords: Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS); Diagnostic Biomarkers; POTS and hEDS Comorbidity